Everyone Healthy Bringing clearer health knowledge to everyone.

Everyone Healthy Library

Agoraphobia

Condition / disease reference page from the Everyone Healthy database.

← Back to condition / disease list Conditions Symptom checker

Connected health information

Explore this condition in a clear order

1. Attributes 2. Signs & symptoms 3. Drugs / medications 4. Treatments by type 5. Further tests / investigations 6. Biological / test markers

Condition overview

Attributes

Commonalityis common
Incidenceis approximately 1 in 29 people

Linked signs and symptoms

8

Each sign/symptom opens its own page and links back to related conditions.

Linked drugs / medications

0

No linked drugs are listed yet.

Treatments, therapies and supportive options

26

Grouped by treatment type. These are educational database links, not personal treatment recommendations. Evidence labels are shown only where stored in the EH database.

Linked diagnostic tests and investigations

4

These are pulled from both EH diagnostic-test link tables, including the older large test-link table.

Biological and test markers

0

This visual map uses existing EH database links to show biological agents and lab markers reported as increased, decreased, or associated with this condition. These are educational relationships only; test results must be interpreted by a qualified clinician because ranges vary by lab, method, age, sex and clinical context.

No biological marker links are listed yet for this condition.

Introduction / full article

Agoraphobia

ID 367

Risk Factors

Stress and negative life events or experiences, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, substance abuse

 

Efficacy of Alternative and Other Treatments According to GRADE* Ranking:

St John's Wort (Goatweed, tipton weed, Hypericum Perforatum) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: No recommendation (There is insufficient evidence to support claims that St Johns Wort helps to treat social phobias. There are currenly studies being done to further research these claims.)

Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence

Creative Art Therapy (Expressive Therapy)

Recomendation: no recommendation (there is insufficient positive evidence showing Expressive Therapy helping to reduce phobias)

Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence

Hypnosis:

Recommendation: stongly in favor (Hypnosis is used by therapists to help eliminate their phobias or their effects)

Grade of Evidence: moderate quality of evidence

Image Therapy:

Recommendation: no recommendation (There is insufficient evidence to show that Image Therapy helps reduce or treat phobias)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Neuro-Linguistic Programming:

Recommendation: no recommendation (although a small study has shown that NLP may help with phobias, the methods used have been found to be unreliable)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

* www.gradeworkinggroup.org

 

Summary References

Treatments:

1. Ades T, Alteri R, Gansler T, Yeargin P, "Complete Guide to Complimentary & Alternative Cancer Therapies", American Cancer Society, Atlanta USA, 2009

2. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/st-johns-wort

3. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-stjohnswort.html

4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843608

5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11939866

6. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/stjohnswort/ataglance.htm

7. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/stjohnswort/sjw-and-depression.htm

8. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/how-is-depression-detected-and-treated.shtml

9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11939872

10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12132963

11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16423519

12. http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/299/22/2633

 

Use this information wisely

Use this page to understand terms and prepare better questions for a doctor, pharmacist, or other qualified health professional. If symptoms are severe, sudden, worsening, or worrying, seek urgent medical care.