Everyone Healthy Library
Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Condition / disease reference page from the Everyone Healthy database.
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Connected health information
Explore this condition in a clear order
Linked signs and symptoms
13Each sign/symptom opens its own page and links back to related conditions.
Linked drugs / medications
0No linked drugs are listed yet.
Treatments, therapies and supportive options
13Grouped by treatment type. These are educational database links, not personal treatment recommendations. Evidence labels are shown only where stored in the EH database.
Surgery
5Medical therapy
6Lifestyle changes
1Linked diagnostic tests and investigations
8These are pulled from both EH diagnostic-test link tables, including the older large test-link table.
- Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Blood Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Test
- Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products, FSPs, Fibrin Breakdown Products, Fbps)
- Fibrin Monomers Test
- Functional Residual Capacity
- haptoglobin (Hp) concentration
- Potassium Concentration (K, Blood)
- Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
Biological markers/agents
9This visual map shows biological markers/agents reported as increased or decreased with this condition. These are educational relationships only; test results must be interpreted by a qualified clinician because ranges vary by lab, method, age, sex and clinical context.
Often increased
7- Alpha-1 Antintrypsin (AAT)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 90–215 mg/dLLinked diagnostic testsAlpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Alpha-1-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.1–0.3 gm/dLLinked diagnostic testsProtein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Alpha-2-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.6–1 gm/dLLinked diagnostic testsProtein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Fibrin MonomersReference range example0–10,000 µg/LLinked diagnostic testsFibrin Monomers Test
- Fibrin Split ProductsReference range exampleAll: 0–1 mg/dLLinked diagnostic testsFibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products
- haptoglobin (Hp)Reference range example45–200 mg/dLLinked diagnostic testshaptoglobin (Hp) concentration
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (Blood hCG)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–5 units/LLinked diagnostic testsBlood Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Test
Often decreased
2- Functional Residual CapacityReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 2,500–3,600 mLLinked diagnostic testsFunctional Residual Capacity
- Potassium (K, Blood)AbbreviationKReference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 4.1–5.3 mEq/L; Child (0 - 16y): 3.4–4.7 mEq/LLinked diagnostic testsPotassium Concentration (K, Blood)
Introduction / full article
Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Bronchogenic carcinoma is a highly malignant primary lung tumor that accounts for the majority of lung cancer cases.[1] Although the etiology of the disease is most likely multifactorial, about 85% of lung cancer deaths are attributable to cigarette smoking.[2] Bronchogenic carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer mortality in both women and men in the USA.[3] Researches show that it is the second most common cancer in men (13%) and the third most common cancer in women (13%).[1]
Types
Four major cell types of bronchogenic carcinoma exist. These are: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated large cell carcinoma are generally peripheral lesions which present as solitary nodules or masses while squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma are usually central and manifest as hilar masses, atelectasis, or pneumonia.[2]
Causes
90% of patients with lung cancer of all histological types are current or former cigarette smokers and around 2 to 17% of lung cancer cases are related to occupation.[3] Exposure to asbestos, radiation, arsenic, chromates, nickel, chloromethyl ethers, mustard gas and radon gas are thought to cause the disease.[1]
Signs and Symptoms
The patient may be asymptomatic or may present with few symptoms. Cough is one of the most frequent symptoms.[4] Affected individual may also cough up blood, lose weight and complain of chest pain. He or she may experience difficulty of breathing, hoarseness and muscle weakness. Horner's syndrome may be apparent which is characterized by eyelid droop, constriction of the pupil in the eye and decreased sweating, all on the same side of the face. The nervous system may be damaged causing degeneration of cerebellum thus may affect balance and coordination. There may be neurological signs such as weakness, sensory disruption, changes in behavior and mental status, problems breathing and problems swallowing.[4]
Diagnosis
Suspicion of tumor is obtained from medical history and physical exam. Chest X-ray will show the lesion, its location, and its anatomic effects. Bronchoscopy, exploratory thoracotomy and other laboratory exams aid in the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma.[1]
Treatment
Treatment for bronchogenic carcinoma depends on the stage of the disease and how advanced it is. Treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation and surgery.[5]
References:
- http://dcregistry.com/users/bronchiogenicca/index.html
- http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/14/2/429.abstract
- http://www.ajol.info/index.php/safp/article/viewFile/13119/15702..
- http://www.livestrong.com/article/75563-symptoms-bronchogenic-carcinoma/
- http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/lungcancer.html