Often increased
9- Abnormal Genetic or Biochemical MarkersReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 0–1 Not PresentLinked diagnostic tests1Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
- Fetal Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin F, HbF)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–2.1 %; Birth - 2wks: 56–90 %Linked diagnostic tests1Fetal Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin F, HbF) Concentration
- Free Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin (FEP)Reference range exampleAll: 16–37 µg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Free Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin (FEP) Concentration
- Heinz BodiesReference range example0–0 /hpfLinked diagnostic tests1Heinz Stain
- Hemoglobin (Hb) A2Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 1.5–3.5 %; Birth - 2wks: 0–1.8 %Linked diagnostic tests1Hemoglobin (Hb) A2 Concentration
- Hemoglobin SReference range exampleAll: 0–1 Not PresentLinked diagnostic tests1Hemoglobin S Concentration (Sickle Cell Test)
- IronReference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 50–120 µg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Female: 50–150 µg/dLLinked diagnostic tests2Iron Concentration, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC)
- Red Blood Cells (RBC)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 3.6–5 106/mm3; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 4.2–5.4 106/mm3Linked diagnostic tests1Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count
- ReticulocytesReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 24–83 109/L; 0.5–1.5 %Linked diagnostic tests2Reticulocyte Absolute Count, Reticulocyte Count Percent Total RBC