Everyone Healthy Library
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Condition / disease reference page from the Everyone Healthy database.
Connected health information
Explore this condition in a clear order
Condition overview
Attributes
Incidenceis approximately 1 in 17,301 people
Incidence for Third World Countriesis approximately 1 in 20,661,157 people
Linked signs and symptoms
7Each sign/symptom opens its own page and links back to related conditions.
Linked drugs / medications
1Medication information is educational only. A doctor or pharmacist should advise whether any medicine is appropriate.
Treatments, therapies and supportive options
17Grouped by treatment type. These are educational database links, not personal treatment recommendations. Evidence labels are shown only where stored in the EH database.
Surgery
3Medical therapy
8- ChemotherapyWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
- Hepatic Arterial ChemoembolizationWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
- Hepatic ResectionWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
- Intratumoral Ethanol InjectionWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
- Liver TransplantWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
- Liver TransplantationWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
- Radiation TreatmentWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
- Radiofrequency CoagulationWeakly in Favour(Low Evidence)
Linked diagnostic tests and investigations
34These are pulled from both EH diagnostic-test link tables, including the older large test-link table.
- Acid Phosphatase Concentration
- Activated Coagulation Time (ACT)
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
- Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP, Serum AFP, Blood)
- Ammonia Concentration Test
- Apolipoprotein A Concentration
- Apolipoprotein B Concentration
- Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Concentration
- Blood Uric Acid Concentration Test
- Cholinesterase (Serum Acetylcholinesterase, Pseudocholinesterase)
- Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Creatine Kinase Concentration
- D-Dimer Blood Test
- Fecal Urobilinogen Concentration
- Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products, FSPs, Fibrin Breakdown Products, Fbps)
- Fibrin Monomers Test
- Fibrinogen Concentration test
- Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) Action Assay
- Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) Concentration
- haptoglobin (Hp) concentration
- High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Concentration
- Lactate Dehydrogenase Concentration
- lipase concentration
- Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Concentration
- Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
- Phenylketonuria Test
- Plasminogen Activity
- Potassium Concentration (K, Blood)
- Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Thyroglobulin (Tg) Concentration
- Urine Sodium Quantitative (24hr)
- Vitamin B12 (VB12) Concentration
Biological and test markers
39This visual map uses existing EH database links to show biological agents and lab markers reported as increased, decreased, or associated with this condition. These are educational relationships only; test results must be interpreted by a qualified clinician because ranges vary by lab, method, age, sex and clinical context.
Often increased
24- Acid PhosphataseReference range exampleChild (0 - 16y), Male: 8.7–12.5 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 2.2–10.4 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Acid Phosphatase Concentration
- Alpha-1 Antintrypsin (AAT)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 90–215 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Alpha-1-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.1–0.3 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Alpha-2-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.6–1 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Alpha-Fetoprotein (Non-Pregnant, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 5–40 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP, Serum AFP
- AmmoniaReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 6–48 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Ammonia Concentration Test
- Apolipoprotein B (Apo B)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 47–115 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 52–120 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Apolipoprotein B Concentration
- Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 10–25 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 10–35 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Concentration
- Coagulation Bleeding TimeReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 65–110 secondsLinked diagnostic tests1Activated Coagulation Time (ACT)
- D-DimerReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–240 µg/LLinked diagnostic tests1D-Dimer Blood Test
- Fibrin MonomersReference range example0–10,000 µg/LLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrin Monomers Test
- Fibrin Split ProductsReference range exampleAll: 0–1 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products
- Fibrinopeptide A (FPA)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 0.7–3.1 mg/mL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 0.35–2.5 mg/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) Action Assay
- Gamma Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.8–1.7 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 6–30 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 6–38 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) Concentration
- haptoglobin (Hp)Reference range example45–200 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1haptoglobin (Hp) concentration
- Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 120–250 units/L; Adult ( > 16y): 100–200 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Lactate Dehydrogenase Concentration
- LipaseReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 10–140 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1lipase concentration
- Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–125 mg/dL; 6y - 16y: 0–100 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Concentration
- PhenylalanineReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–16 mg/24hrs; Child (5 - 12y): 4–16.5 mg/24hrsLinked diagnostic tests1Phenylketonuria Test
- Plasma thromboplastin antecedentReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 20–35 secondsLinked diagnostic tests1Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
- Prothrombin TimeReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 10–13 secondsLinked diagnostic tests1Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Thyroglobulin (Tg)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y), Female: 0.4–5.6 ng/mL; Infant (0 - 1y), Male: 0.5–5.6 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Thyroglobulin (Tg) Concentration
- Vitamin B12 (VB12)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 130–670 pmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Vitamin B12 (VB12) Concentration
Often decreased
15- Albumin (Blood)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 37–52 gm/dL; Infant (0 - 1y): 4.4–5.4 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests2Blood Albumin Concentration, Protein Electrophoresis (Blood
- Apolipoprotein A (Apo A)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 85–170 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 77–155 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Apolipoprotein A Concentration
- CholinesteraseReference range exampleAll: 6–19 U/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Cholinesterase (Serum Acetylcholinesterase, Pseudocholinesterase)
- Creatine Kinase (CK)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 35–150 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 40–170 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Creatine Kinase Concentration
- Factor IX (Christmas Factor, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 60–140 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Factor V (Labile Factor, Proaccelerin, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 50–150 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Factor X (Stuart Prower Factor, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 45–155 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- FibrinogenReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 150–400 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrinogen Concentration test
- High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 53–500 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 45–500 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Concentration
- PlasminogenReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 65–153 %; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 70–120 %Linked diagnostic tests1Plasminogen Activity
- Potassium (K, Blood)AbbreviationKReference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 4.1–5.3 mEq/L; Child (0 - 16y): 3.4–4.7 mEq/LLinked diagnostic tests1Potassium Concentration (K, Blood)
- Red Blood Cell (RBC) VolumeReference range example76–100 fLLinked diagnostic tests1Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
- Uric Acid, BloodReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 2.5–7 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 4–8 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Blood Uric Acid Concentration Test
- Urine SodiumReference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 41–115 mmol/day; Adult ( > 16y): 40–220 mmol/dayLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Sodium Quantitative (24hr)
- Urobilinogen (Stools)Reference range exampleAll: 50–300 mg/24hrsLinked diagnostic tests1Fecal Urobilinogen Concentration
Other associated markers
0No markers in this group.
Introduction / full article
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Summary References
Treatments:
1. http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec03/ch029/ch029d.html#sec03-ch029-ch029d-600a
2. Chen, Min-Shan; Li, Jin-Qing; Zheng, Yun; Guo, Rong-Ping; Liang, Hui-Hong; Zhang, Ya-Qi; Lin, Xiao-Jun; Lau, Wan Y (2006). "A Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Percutaneous Local Ablative Therapy and Partial Hepatectomy for Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma". Annals of Surgery 243 (3): 321–8.
3. American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2005 Annual Meeting, Abstracts on Hepatobiliary Cancer