Everyone Healthy Library
Hyperthyroidism
Condition / disease reference page from the Everyone Healthy database.
Connected health information
Explore this condition in a clear order
Linked signs and symptoms
10Each sign/symptom opens its own page and links back to related conditions.
Linked drugs / medications
1Medication information is educational only. A doctor or pharmacist should advise whether any medicine is appropriate.
Treatments, therapies and supportive options
9Grouped by treatment type. These are educational database links, not personal treatment recommendations. Evidence labels are shown only where stored in the EH database.
Surgery
1Medical therapy
3Alternative and complementary therapies
1Vitamins and minerals
1Minerals
1Linked diagnostic tests and investigations
39These are pulled from both EH diagnostic-test link tables, including the older large test-link table.
- 2,3 Diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) Concentration
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Concentration
- Apolipoprotein B Concentration
- Calcium Concentration (Blood, Total)
- Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Creatinine Concentration (Blood, Serum Creatinine)
- Ferritin Concentration
- Fetal Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin F, HbF) Concentration
- Folic Acid (Folate) Concentration
- Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Concentration
- Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT, OGTT, 120 Minutes After Glucose Load)
- Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT, OGTT, 160 Minutes After Glucose Load)
- Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT, OGTT, 30 Minutes After Glucose Load)
- Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT, OGTT, 60 Minutes After Glucose Load)
- Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT, OGTT, Fasting Glucose)
- Glucose Tolerance Test for Gestational Diabetes (1 Hour After Glucose Load)
- Glucose Tolerance Test for Gestational Diabetes (Fasting Glucose Value)
- Glucose, Blood (Fasting Blood Glucose)
- Glucose, Blood (Post Prandiol Blood Glucose Test, 2 Hour Post Meal Blood Glucose)
- Hemoglobin (Hb) A2 Concentration
- High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Concentration
- Lymphocytes Count
- Phosphate Concentration (PO4, Phosphorus)
- Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Testosterone Concentration
- Thyroid Stimulating Horomone (TSH) Concentration
- Thyroxine (Free T4) Concentration
- Thyroxine (Total T4) Concentration
- Thyroxine Binding Globulin Concentration (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin, Blood)
- Triglyceride (TGs) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine (Free T3) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine (Total T3) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine Uptake Test
- Urine Amylase Excretion Rate
- Urine bilirubin Concentration
- Urine Chloride Concentration
- Urine Estradiol (E2) Concetration
- Urine Hydroxyproline Concentration
- Urine Ketone Concentration
Biological and test markers
33This visual map uses existing EH database links to show biological agents and lab markers reported as increased, decreased, or associated with this condition. These are educational relationships only; test results must be interpreted by a qualified clinician because ranges vary by lab, method, age, sex and clinical context.
Often increased
23- 2,3 Diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 10.5–14 µmol/gLinked diagnostic tests12, 3 Diphosphoglycerate (2
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)Reference range exampleAll: 0–45 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Concentration
- Calcium (Blood, Total)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 8.5–10.4 mg/dL; Birth - 2wks: 7.6–10.3 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Calcium Concentration (Blood, Total)
- Creatinine (Blood)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 0.1–0.4 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Female: 0.6–1.2 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Creatinine Concentration (Blood, Serum Creatinine)
- Factor VIII (Antihemophilic Globulin, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 55–145 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- FerritinReference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 7–140 µg/L; Adult ( > 16y), Female: 18–160 µg/LLinked diagnostic tests1Ferritin Concentration
- Fetal Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin F, HbF)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–2.1 %; Birth - 2wks: 56–90 %Linked diagnostic tests1Fetal Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin F, HbF) Concentration
- Glucose (Blood)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 3–6.1 mmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 0–6.1 mmol/LLinked diagnostic tests11fasting Blood Glucose Test, Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT
- Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 10.1–18.5 U/gHb; Birth - 2wks: 12–23 U/gHbLinked diagnostic tests1Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Concentration
- Hemoglobin (Hb) A2Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 1.5–3.5 %; Birth - 2wks: 0–1.8 %Linked diagnostic tests1Hemoglobin (Hb) A2 Concentration
- Hydroxyproline (Urine Excretion Rate)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 14–45 mg/24hrs; Adult ( > 16y), Female: 0.4–2.9 mg/2hrsLinked diagnostic tests2Urine Amino Acid Concentration, Urine Hydroxyproline Concentration
- LymphocytesReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 25–40 %; 700–3,500 cells/mm3Linked diagnostic tests2Differential White Blood Cell Count Tests, Lymphocytes Count
- Phosphate (PO4, Phosphorus, P)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 2.5–4.5 mg/dL; Birth - 2wks: 4.3–9.2 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Phosphate Concentration (PO4, Phosphorus)
- TestosteroneReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 0.8–1.65 nmol/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 15–24.4 nmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Testosterone Concentration
- Thyroxine (Total T4)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 6–12 µg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 5–12 µg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Thyroxine (Total T4) Concentration
- Thyroxine Index (Free T4)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0.007–0.023 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Thyroxine (Free T4) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine (Free T3)Reference range example2.7–4.9 pg/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Triiodothyronine (Free T3) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine (Total T3)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 1.1–2.43 ng/mL; Adult ( > 16y): 1–2.1 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Triiodothyronine (Total T3) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine Uptake PercentageReference range exampleAll: 25–38 %Linked diagnostic tests1Triiodothyronine Uptake Test
- Urine bilirubinReference range exampleAll: 0–0.02 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Urine bilirubin Concentration
- Urine ChlorideReference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 2–10 mmol/day; Child (0 - 16y): 15–14 mmol/dayLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Chloride Concentration
- Urine Estradiol (E2)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 0–15 µg/24hrs; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 0–6.5 µg/24hrsLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Estradiol (E2) Concetration
- Urine KetoneReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–0.25 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Ketone Concentration
Often decreased
10- Albumin (Blood)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 37–52 gm/dL; Infant (0 - 1y): 4.4–5.4 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests2Blood Albumin Concentration, Protein Electrophoresis (Blood
- Alpha-1-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.1–0.3 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Alpha-2-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.6–1 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Apolipoprotein B (Apo B)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 47–115 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 52–120 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Apolipoprotein B Concentration
- Folic Acid (Folate)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 14–51 ng/mL; Child (0 - 16y): 5–21 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Folic Acid (Folate) Concentration
- High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 53–500 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 45–500 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Concentration
- Thyroid Stimulating Horomone (TSH)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0.021–0.11 µg/dL; Newborn (0 - 1month): 0.04–0.19 µg/dLLinked diagnostic tests2Thyroid Stimulating Horomone (TSH) Concentration, Urine B2 Microglobulin Concentration
- Thyroxine Binding Globulin (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin, Blood)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y), Female: 1.7–3.6 mg/dL; Infant (0 - 1y), Male: 1.6–3.5 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Thyroxine Binding Globulin Concentration (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin
- TriglyceridesReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 32–137 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 35–155 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests2Triglyceride (TG's) Concentration, Triglyceride (TGs) Concentration
- Urine AmylaseReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 400–6,700 nkat/dayLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amylase Excretion Rate
Other associated markers
0No markers in this group.
Introduction / full article
Hyperthyroidism
Efficacy of Alternative and Other Treatments According to GRADE* Ranking:
Selenium Supplement [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. IMPORTANT: Selenium is toxic in high doses. Massive overdoses can cause kidney failure, breathing difficulty and death. Selenium should only be taken at healthy levels which the body is able to tolerate.
Recommendation: No recommendation (Available evidene does not support claims that selenium helps to prevent or treat any thyroid conditions)
Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence
Black Walnut (Juglans Nigra):
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It is proposed only as a weak supportive symptomatic support, and even then, has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: weakly against (Available evidence does not support claims that Black Walnut helps to treat hyperthyroidism)
Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence
* www.gradeworkinggroup.org
Summary References
Treatments:
1. Esfahani AF, Kakhki VR, Fallahi B, et al. (2005). "Comparative evaluation of two fixed doses of 185 and 370 MBq 131I, for the treatment of Graves' disease resistant to antithyroid drugs". Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine 8 (3): 158–61
2. http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec12/ch152/ch152e.html?qt=Hyperthyroidism&alt=sh#sec12-ch152-ch152e-272
3. Ades T, Alteri R, Gansler T, Yeargin P, "Complete Guide to Complimentary & Alternative Cancer Therapies", American Cancer Society, Atlanta USA, 2009
4. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/selenium?sitearea=ETO
5. http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/doc.aspx?viewid=ED8AD8E8-6AE5-458D-8091-393F4CB73F0D
6. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-selenium.html
7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9290116
8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9829869
9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10335455
10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2136228
11. http://www.springerlink.com/content/v0r644v4ju5153k2/
12. http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/101/5/283