Everyone Healthy Library
Multiple Sclerosis
Condition / disease reference page from the Everyone Healthy database.
Connected health information
Explore this condition in a clear order
Condition overview
Attributes
Commonalityis rare
Incidenceis approximately 1 in 333,333 people
Linked signs and symptoms
22Each sign/symptom opens its own page and links back to related conditions.
- Balance Impaired
- Coarse Rhythmic Tremor or Rest Tremor
- Defecation: Loss of Voluntary Control (Faecal Incontinence)
- Dizziness or a Spinning Sensation (Vertigo)
- Epilepsy
- Eyes Uncontrollable Constant Movement (Nystagmus)
- Fatigue
- Involuntary Movement (Tics)
- Memory Loss: Forgetfulness
- Mind: Psychosis
- Movement Disorder
- Muscle Cramp
- Muscle Wasting
- Muscle Weakness
- Paralysis General
- Sensations Altered
- Skin Tingling Or Numbness (Paresthesias)
- Speech Slurred
- Urinary Control Loss (Incontinence)
- Vision Blurred
- Vision Double (Diplopia)
- Weakness
Linked drugs / medications
4Medication information is educational only. A doctor or pharmacist should advise whether any medicine is appropriate.
Treatments, therapies and supportive options
11Grouped by treatment type. These are educational database links, not personal treatment recommendations. Evidence labels are shown only where stored in the EH database.
Medical therapy
1Alternative and complementary therapies
6- Cannabis (Marijuana)No Recommendation(Low Evidence)
- Chlorella (Green Algae, Chlorella Pyrenoidosa)No Recommendation(Very Low Evidence)
- Neural TherapyNo Recommendation(Very Low Evidence)
- Ultraviolet Light TherapyStrongly in Favour(Moderate Evidence)
- Venus Flytrap Extract (Carnivora, Dionaea Muscipula)No Recommendation(Very Low Evidence)
- Vitae ElixxirNo Recommendation(Very Low Evidence)
Alternative medicine
2Alternative therapies
1Linked diagnostic tests and investigations
9These are pulled from both EH diagnostic-test link tables, including the older large test-link table.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Concentration
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis
- Cerebrospinal Fluid White Cell Differential
- Electronystagmography (ENG)
- Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
- Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)
- Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)
- Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate (PIFR)
- Residual Volume (RV)
Biological and test markers
16This visual map uses existing EH database links to show biological agents and lab markers reported as increased, decreased, or associated with this condition. These are educational relationships only; test results must be interpreted by a qualified clinician because ranges vary by lab, method, age, sex and clinical context.
Often increased
11- Alpha-1-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF)Reference range exampleAll: 2–7 %Linked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis
- Alpha-2-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF)Reference range exampleAll: 4–12 %Linked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis
- Beta-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF)Reference range exampleAll: 8–18 %Linked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Immunoglobulin G (IgG)Reference range exampleAll: 0–43 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Concentration
- Cerebrospinal Fluid LeukocytesReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–5 /µL; 1y - 6y: 0–20 /µLLinked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid White Cell Differential
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Lymphocyte DifferentialReference range exampleAll: 41–82 %Linked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid White Cell Differential
- Gamma-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF)Reference range exampleAll: 3–12 %Linked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis
- IgG (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF)Reference range exampleAll: 0–5 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis
- Normal Nystagmus ResponseReference range exampleAll: 2–10 PresentLinked diagnostic tests1Electronystagmography (ENG)
- Normal Oculovestibular ReflexReference range exampleAll: 1–10 Present; All: 1–10 PresentLinked diagnostic tests2Electronystagmography (ENG), Electroretinography (ERG)
- Oligoclonal Bands (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF)Reference range exampleAll: 0–1 Not PresentLinked diagnostic tests1Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis
Often decreased
5- Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 850–1,300 mL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 1,000–1,500 mLLinked diagnostic tests1Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
- Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 80–180 L/minute; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 140–180 L/minuteLinked diagnostic tests1Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)
- Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 410–450 L/minute; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 540–590 L/minuteLinked diagnostic tests1Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)
- Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate (PIFR)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 250–330 L/minuteLinked diagnostic tests1Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate (PIFR)
- Residual Volume (RV)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 1,200–1,600 mL; Adult ( > 16y), Female: 850–1,300 mLLinked diagnostic tests2Postvoid Residual Volume Test, Residual Volume (RV)
Other associated markers
0No markers in this group.
Introduction / full article
Multiple Sclerosis
Efficacy of Alternative and Other Treatments According to GRADE* Ranking:
Vitae Elixxir[1, 17, 18]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It is proposed only as a weak supportive symptomatic support, and even then, has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Warning: Possible side effects of Vitae Elixxir include diarrhoea, pain, and a general worsening of existing symptoms.
Recommendation: No recommendation (Available evidence does not support claims that vitae elixir helps to treat multiple sclerosis)
Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence
Venus Flytrap Extract (Carnivora, Dionaea Muscipula) [1, 14, 15, 16]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It is proposed only as a weak supportive symptomatic support, and even then, has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: No recommendation (There is insufficient evidence to support claims that Venus flytrap extracts can help in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. More research is needed.)
Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence
Cannabis (Marijuana, weed, hemp) [1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: no recommendation (There is insufficient evidence to support claims that cannabis helps to treat symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Studies have yielded mixed results.)
Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence
Chlorella (Green Algae, Chlorella Pyrenoidosa) [1, 2, 3, 4]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: no recommendation (There is insufficient evidence to support claims that Chlorella helps to treat multiple sclerosis in any way)
Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence
Neural Therapy:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It is proposed only as a weak supportive symptomatic support, and even then, has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: no recommendation (there is insufficient evidence to support claims that neural therapy helps treat multiple sclerosis)
Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence
Ultraviolet Blood Irradiation:
Recommendation: strongly in favor (available evidence shows that UV blood irradiation may help treat multiple sclerosis)
Grade of Evidence: Moderate quality of evidence
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT):
NOT RECOMENDED
Recommendation: strongly against (available evidence shows that HBOT is in no way useful in treating HIV/AIDS, and can have harmful effects. NOT RECOMENDED)
Grade of Evidence: Moderate quality of evidence
* www.gradeworkinggroup.org
Summary References
Treatments:
1. Ades T, Alteri R, Gansler T, Yeargin P, "Complete Guide to Complimentary & Alternative Cancer Therapies", American Cancer Society, Atlanta USA, 2009
2. Nakano, S et al. “Maternal-fetal distribution and transfer of dioxins in pregnant women in Japan, and attempts to reduce maternal transfer with Chlorella (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) supplements...” Chemosphere 2005 Dec; 61(9): 1244–55.
3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=11347287&dopt=Abstract
4. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/chlorella
5. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/marijuana.html
6. http://nccam.nih.gov/research/extramural/awards/2004/
7. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/marijuana
8. http://www.nationalmssociety.org/about-multiple-sclerosis/what-we-know-about-ms/treatments/complementary--alternative-medicine/marijuana/index.aspx
9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16957511
10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12965981
11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17589370
12. http://mct.aacrjournals.org/content/6/11/2921.long
13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2562334/?tool=pmcentrez
14. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/venus-flytrap
15. Parimala, R. & P. Sachdanandam 1993. Effect of plumbagin on some glucose metabolizing enzymes studied in rats in experimental hepatoma. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 12(1): 59–63.
16. http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/318/2/484
17. http://www.annieappleseedproject.org/vitaeelixxir.html
18. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/vitae-elixxir