Everyone Healthy Library
Hepatitis A
Condition / disease reference page from the Everyone Healthy database.
Connected health information
Explore this condition in a clear order
Condition overview
Attributes
Commonality for Russiais uncommon
Linked signs and symptoms
13Each sign/symptom opens its own page and links back to related conditions.
Linked drugs / medications
0No linked drugs are listed yet.
Treatments, therapies and supportive options
14Grouped by treatment type. These are educational database links, not personal treatment recommendations. Evidence labels are shown only where stored in the EH database.
Medical therapy
1Lifestyle changes
7Behavioural changes
1Alternative and complementary therapies
1Vitamins and minerals
1Minerals
1Linked diagnostic tests and investigations
47These are pulled from both EH diagnostic-test link tables, including the older large test-link table.
- Acid Phosphatase Concentration
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Concentration
- Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP, Serum AFP, Blood)
- Ammonia Concentration Test
- amylase concentration
- Antithrombin 111 (AT-111) Activity Test
- Apolipoprotein A Concentration
- Apolipoprotein B Concentration
- Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Concentration
- Blood Urea Nitrogen Tests
- Blood Uric Acid Concentration Test
- Cholesterol Concentration
- Cholinesterase (Serum Acetylcholinesterase, Pseudocholinesterase)
- Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Creatine Kinase Concentration
- D-Dimer Blood Test
- Eosinophils Count
- Fecal Urobilinogen Concentration
- Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products, FSPs, Fibrin Breakdown Products, Fbps)
- Fibrin Monomers Test
- Fibrinogen Concentration test
- Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) Concentration
- High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Concentration
- Lactate Dehydrogenase Concentration
- lipase concentration
- Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Concentration
- Lymphocytes Count
- Phenylketonuria Test
- Plasminogen Activity
- Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Thyroglobulin (Tg) Concentration
- Thyroxine (Total T4) Concentration
- Thyroxine Binding Globulin Concentration (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin, Blood)
- Triiodothyronine (Free T3) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine (Total T3) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine Uptake Test
- Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Urine Amylase Excretion Rate
- Urine bilirubin Concentration
- Urine Porphyrin Concentration
- Urine Sodium Quantitative (24hr)
- Urine Urobilinogen Concentration
- Vitamin B12 (VB12) Concentration
- White Blood Cell (WBC) Count
Biological and test markers
82This visual map uses existing EH database links to show biological agents and lab markers reported as increased, decreased, or associated with this condition. These are educational relationships only; test results must be interpreted by a qualified clinician because ranges vary by lab, method, age, sex and clinical context.
Often increased
60- 1 Methylhistidine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 450–3,200 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 700–8,500 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- 3 Methylhistidine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 420–1,400 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 650–3,300 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Acid PhosphataseReference range exampleChild (0 - 16y), Male: 8.7–12.5 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 2.2–10.4 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Acid Phosphatase Concentration
- Alanine (Urine)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 1,500–7,000 µmol/L; Child (< 10y): 600–2,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 30–125 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 40–110 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Concentration
- Alpha Amino N Buryric Acid (Urine)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–350 µmol/L; Child (< 10y): 80–300 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Alpha Aminoadipic Acid (Urine)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–1,700 µmol/L; Child (< 10y): 240–800 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Alpha-1 Antintrypsin (AAT)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 90–215 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration
- Alpha-1-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.1–0.3 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Alpha-Fetoprotein (Non-Pregnant, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 5–40 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP, Serum AFP
- AmmoniaReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 6–48 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Ammonia Concentration Test
- Antithrombin 111 (AT-111)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 90–110 %Linked diagnostic tests1Antithrombin 111 (AT-111) Activity Test
- Apolipoprotein B (Apo B)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 47–115 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 52–120 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Apolipoprotein B Concentration
- Arginine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 120–260 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 140–650 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Asparagine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 160–420 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 350–1,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 10–25 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 10–35 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Concentration
- Aspartic Acid (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 110–270 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 150–900 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Beta GlobulinReference range exampleAll: 0.7–1.2 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- Carnosine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 350–2,500 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 170–1,300 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Cholesterol (Total)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 75–180 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y): 0–190 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Cholesterol Concentration
- Citrulline (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 0–140 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 0–100 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Cystine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 120–540 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 300–1,200 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- D-DimerReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–240 µg/LLinked diagnostic tests1D-Dimer Blood Test
- Fibrin MonomersReference range example0–10,000 µg/LLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrin Monomers Test
- Fibrin Split ProductsReference range exampleAll: 0–1 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products
- FibrinogenReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 150–400 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Fibrinogen Concentration test
- Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 6–30 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 6–38 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) Concentration
- Glutamic Acid (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 135–240 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 300–1,100 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Glutamine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 1,600–4,000 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 3,000–10,500 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Glycine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 2,000–8,500 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 8,000–25,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Histidine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 500–7,300 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 5,000–16,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Isoleucine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 40–150 µmol/L; Child (0 - 16y): 100–250 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 120–250 units/L; Adult ( > 16y): 100–200 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Lactate Dehydrogenase Concentration
- LipaseReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 10–140 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1lipase concentration
- Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–125 mg/dL; 6y - 16y: 0–100 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Concentration
- LymphocytesReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 25–40 %; 700–3,500 cells/mm3Linked diagnostic tests2Differential White Blood Cell Count Tests, Lymphocytes Count
- Lysine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 200–1,500 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 300–3,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Methionine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 70–220 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 55–320 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Ornithine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 40–165 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 50–800 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- PhenylalanineReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–16 mg/24hrs; Child (5 - 12y): 4–16.5 mg/24hrsLinked diagnostic tests1Phenylketonuria Test
- Phenylalanine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 200–600 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 400–1,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Phosphoethanolamine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 250–670 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 200–1,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Phosphoserine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 150–350 µmol/L; Child (0 - 16y): 1,000–2,200 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Plasma thromboplastin antecedentReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 20–35 secondsLinked diagnostic tests1Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
- Proline (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 0–1 Not PresentLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Prothrombin TimeReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 10–13 secondsLinked diagnostic tests1Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Serine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 1,000–2,200 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 2,000–7,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Taurine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 600–9,800 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 2,700–13,000 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Threonine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 250–1,000 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 900–3,500 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Thyroglobulin (Tg)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y), Female: 0.4–5.6 ng/mL; Infant (0 - 1y), Male: 0.5–5.6 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Thyroglobulin (Tg) Concentration
- Thyroxine (Total T4)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 6–12 µg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 5–12 µg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Thyroxine (Total T4) Concentration
- Thyroxine Binding Globulin (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin, Blood)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y), Female: 1.7–3.6 mg/dL; Infant (0 - 1y), Male: 1.6–3.5 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Thyroxine Binding Globulin Concentration (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin
- Triiodothyronine (Total T3)Reference range exampleInfant (0 - 1y): 1.1–2.43 ng/mL; Adult ( > 16y): 1–2.1 ng/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Triiodothyronine (Total T3) Concentration
- Tyrosine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 300–850 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 400–1,500 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Urine bilirubinReference range exampleAll: 0–0.02 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Urine bilirubin Concentration
- Urobilinogen (Urine)Reference range exampleAll: 0.1–1 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Urobilinogen Concentration
- UroporphyrinReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 100–270 nmol/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 100–540 nmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Porphyrin Concentration
- Valine (Urine)Reference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 200–400 µmol/L; Adult ( > 16y): 200–750 µmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amino Acid Concentration
- Vitamin B12 (VB12)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 130–670 pmol/LLinked diagnostic tests1Vitamin B12 (VB12) Concentration
- White Blood Cell (WBC)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 4.5–10.5 million/mL; Adult ( > 16y): 3.2–10 million/mLLinked diagnostic tests1White Blood Cell (WBC) Count
Often decreased
22- Albumin (Blood)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 37–52 gm/dL; Infant (0 - 1y): 4.4–5.4 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests2Blood Albumin Concentration, Protein Electrophoresis (Blood
- Alpha-2-Globulin (Blood, Serum)Reference range exampleAll: 0.6–1 gm/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein)
- AmylaseReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 25–125 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1amylase concentration
- Apolipoprotein A (Apo A)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 85–170 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 77–155 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Apolipoprotein A Concentration
- Blood Urea NitrogenReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 6–18 mg/dL; Child (< 10y): 5–15 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Blood Urea Nitrogen Tests
- CholinesteraseReference range exampleAll: 6–19 U/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Cholinesterase (Serum Acetylcholinesterase, Pseudocholinesterase)
- Creatine Kinase (CK)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 35–150 units/L; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 40–170 units/LLinked diagnostic tests1Creatine Kinase Concentration
- EosinophilsReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 0–3 %; 0–3 %Linked diagnostic tests3Differential White Blood Cell Count Tests, Eosinophil Differential Of Total WBC
- Factor II (Prothrombin, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 80–120 %; Adult ( > 16y): 80–120 %Linked diagnostic tests3Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood CLotting Factors, Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Factor IX (Christmas Factor, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 60–140 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Factor V (Labile Factor, Proaccelerin, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 50–150 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Factor X (Stuart Prower Factor, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 45–155 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Factor XI (Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 65–135 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- Factor XII (Hageman Factor, Percentage of Normal Value)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 50–150 %Linked diagnostic tests1Coagulation Factor Assay (Blood Clotting Factors)
- High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)Reference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 53–500 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 45–500 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Concentration
- PlasminogenReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 65–153 %; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 70–120 %Linked diagnostic tests1Plasminogen Activity
- Triiodothyronine (Free T3)Reference range example2.7–4.9 pg/mLLinked diagnostic tests1Triiodothyronine (Free T3) Concentration
- Triiodothyronine Uptake PercentageReference range exampleAll: 25–38 %Linked diagnostic tests1Triiodothyronine Uptake Test
- Uric Acid, BloodReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y), Female: 2.5–7 mg/dL; Adult ( > 16y), Male: 4–8 mg/dLLinked diagnostic tests1Blood Uric Acid Concentration Test
- Urine AmylaseReference range exampleAdult ( > 16y): 400–6,700 nkat/dayLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Amylase Excretion Rate
- Urine SodiumReference range exampleChild (0 - 16y): 41–115 mmol/day; Adult ( > 16y): 40–220 mmol/dayLinked diagnostic tests1Urine Sodium Quantitative (24hr)
- Urobilinogen (Stools)Reference range exampleAll: 50–300 mg/24hrsLinked diagnostic tests1Fecal Urobilinogen Concentration
Other associated markers
0No markers in this group.
Introduction / full article
Hepatitis A
Efficacy of Alternative and Other Treatments According to GRADE* Ranking:
Selenium Supplement [3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. IMPORTANT: Selenium is toxic in high doses. Massive overdoses can cause kidney failure, breathing difficulty and death. Selenium should only be taken at healthy levels which the body is able to tolerate.
Recommendation: No recommendation (Available evidene does not support claims that selenium helps to prevent or treat hepatitis)
Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence
Chlorella (Green Algae, Chlorella Pyrenoidosa) [3, 4, 5, 6]:
Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.
Recommendation: no recommendation (There is insufficient evidence to support claims that Chlorella helps to treat hepatitis in any way)
Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence
* www.gradeworkinggroup.org
Summary References
Treatments:
1. Schiff ER (1992). "Atypical clinical manifestations of hepatitis A". Vaccine 10 Suppl 1: S18–20
2. http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec03/ch027/ch027b.html#sec03-ch027-ch027b-448
3. Ades T, Alteri R, Gansler T, Yeargin P, "Complete Guide to Complimentary & Alternative Cancer Therapies", American Cancer Society, Atlanta USA, 2009
4. Nakano, S et al. “Maternal-fetal distribution and transfer of dioxins in pregnant women in Japan, and attempts to reduce maternal transfer with Chlorella (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) supplements...” Chemosphere 2005 Dec; 61(9): 1244–55.
5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=11347287&dopt=Abstract
6. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/chlorella
7. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/selenium?sitearea=ETO
8. http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/doc.aspx?viewid=ED8AD8E8-6AE5-458D-8091-393F4CB73F0D
9. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-selenium.html
10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9290116
11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9829869
12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10335455
13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2136228
14. http://www.springerlink.com/content/v0r644v4ju5153k2/
15. http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/101/5/283